Psychology of Woman 

Relationships Between Men and Women 

In Children's Eyes 

Men's Attire Worn by Women

by Giuseppe Cardinal Siri

Genoa, June 12, 1960

The extension of this behavior obliges us to take serious thought, and We ask those to whom this Notification is addressed to kindly lend to the problem all the attention it deserves from anyone aware of being in any way responsible before God. 

We seek above all to give a balanced moral judgment upon the wearing of men�s dress by women. In fact our thoughts can only bear upon the moral question. (Note 2) 

Firstly, when it comes to covering of the female body, the wearing of men�s trousers by women cannot be said to constitute as such a grave offense against modesty, because trousers certainly cover more of a woman�s body than do modern women�s skirts. 

Secondly, however, clothes to be modest need not only to cover the body but also not to cling too closely to the body. (Note 3)  Now it is true that much feminine clothing today clings closer than do some trousers, but trousers can be made to cling closer, in fact generally they do, so the tight fit of such clothing gives us no less grounds for concern than does exposure of the body. So the immodesty of men�s trousers on women is an aspect of the problem which is not to be left out of an over-all judgment upon them, even if it is not to be artificially exaggerated either. 

However, it is a different aspect of women�s wearing of men�s trousers which seems to us the gravest. (Note 4) 

The wearing of men�s dress by women affects firstly the woman herself, by changing the feminine psychology proper to women; secondly it affects the woman as wife of her husband, by tending to vitiate relationships between the sexes; thirdly it affects the woman as mother of her children by harming her dignity in her children�s eyes. Each of these points is to be carefully considered in turn:-- 
 

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Male Dress Changes the Psychology of Woman 

Then let us add that women wearing man�s dress always more or less indicates her reacting to her femininity as though it is inferiority when in fact it is only diversity. The perversion of her psychology is clear to be seen. (Note 6) 

These reasons, summing up many more, are enough to warn us how wrongly women are made to think by wearing men�s dress. 

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Male Dress Tends to Vitiate Relationships between Men and Women

The problem goes further still. Mutual attraction between the sexes is preceded both naturally, and in order of time, by that sense of shame which holds the rising instincts in check, imposes respect upon them, and tends to lift to a higher level of mutual esteem and healthy fear everything that those instincts would push onwards to uncontrolled acts. To change that clothing which by its diversity reveals and upholds nature�s limits and defense-works, is to flatten out the distinctions and to help pull down the vital defense-works of the sense of shame. 

It is at least to hinder that sense. And when the sense of shame is hindered from putting on the brakes, then relationships between man and women sink degradingly down to pure sensuality, devoid of all mutual respect or esteem. 

Experience is there to tell us that when woman is de-feminised, then defenses are undermined and weakness increases. (Note 7) 
 

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Male Dress Harms the Dignity of the Mother in Her Children�s Eyes

The child may not know the definition of exposure, frivolity, or infidelity, but he possesses an instinctive sixth sense to recognize them when they occur, to suffer from them, and be bitterly wounded by them in his soul. 

Let us think seriously on the import of everything said so far, even if women�s appearing in man�s dress does not immediately give rise to all the upset caused by grave immodesty. 

The changing of feminine psychology does fundamental and, in the long run, irreparable damage to the family, to conjugal fidelity, to human affections and to human society. (Note 8)  True, the effects of wearing unsuitable dress are not all to be seen within a short time. But one must think of what is being slowly and insidiously worn down, torn apart, perverted. 

Is any satisfying reciprocity between husband and wife imaginable, if feminine psychology be changed? Or is any true education of children imaginable, which is so delicate in its procedure, so woven of imponderable factors in which the mother�s intuition and instinct play the decisive part in those tender years? What will these women be able to give their children when they will so long have worn trousers that their self-esteem goes more by their competing with the men than by their functioning as women? 

Why, we ask, ever since men have been men, or rather since they became civilized, why have men in all times and places been irresistibly borne to make a differentiated division between the functions of the two sexes? Do we not have here strict testimony to the recognition by all mankind of a truth and a law above man? 

To sum up, wherever women wear men�s dress, it is to be considered a factor in the long run tearing apart human order. 

The logical consequence of everything presented so far is that anyone in a position of responsibility should be possessed by a Sense of Alarm in the true and proper meaning of the word, a severe and decisive Alarm. (Note 9) 

We address a grave warning to parish priests. To all priests in general and to confessors in particular, to members of every kind of association, to all religious, to all nuns, especially to teaching Sisters. 

We invite them to become clearly conscious of the problem so that action will follow. This consciousness is what matters. It will suggest the appropriate action in due time. But let it not counsel us to give way in the face of inevitable change, as though we are confronted by a natural evolution of mankind, and so on! 

Men may come and men may go, because God has left plenty of room for the to and fro of their free-will; but the substantial lines of nature and the not less substantial lines of Eternal Law have never changed, are not changing and never will change.  There are bounds beyond which one may stray as far as one sees fit, but to do so ends in death; (Note 10)  there are limits which empty philosophical fantasizing may have one mock or not to take seriously, but they put together an alliance of hard facts and nature to chastise anybody who steps over them. And history has sufficiently taught, with frightening proof from the life and death of nations, that the reply to all violators of the outline of "humanity" is always, sooner or later, catastrophe. 

From the dialectic of Hegel onwards, we have had dinned in our ears what are nothing but fables, and by dint of hearing them so often, many people end up by getting used to them, if only passively. But the truth of the matter is that Nature and Truth, and the Law bound up in both, go their imperturbable way, and they cut to pieces the simpletons who upon no grounds whatsoever believe in radical and far-reaching changes in the very structure of man. (Note 11) 

The consequences of such violations are not a new outline of man, but disorders, hurtful instability of all kinds, the frightening dryness of human souls, the shattering increase in the number of human castaways, driven long since out of people�s sight and mind to live out their decline in boredom, sadness, and rejection. Aligned on the wrecking of the eternal norms are to be found the broken families, lives cut short before their time, hearths and homes gone cold, old people cast to one side, youngsters willfully degenerate and at the end of the line, souls in despair and taking their own lives. All of which human wreckage gives witness to the fact that the "line of God" does not give way, nor does it admit of any adaptation to the delirious dreams of the so-called philosophers! (Note12) 

We have said that those in whom the present Notification is addressed are invited to take serious alarm at the problem at hand. Accordingly they know what they have to say, starting with little girls on their mother�s knee. 

They know that without exaggerating or turning into fanatics, they will need to strictly limit how far they tolerate women dressing like men, as a general rule. 

They know they must never be so weak as to let anyone believe that they turn a blind eye to a custom which is slipping downhill and undermining the moral standing of all institutions. 

They, the priests, know the line that they have to take in the confessional, while not holding women to be dressing like men to be automatically a grave fault, must be sharp and decisive. (Note 13) 

Everybody will kindly give thought to the need for a united line of action, reinforced on every side by the cooperation of all men of good will and all enlightened minds, so as to create a true dam to hold back the flood. 

Those of you responsible for souls in whatever capacity understand how useful it is to have for allies in this defensive campaign, men of the arts, the media and the crafts. The position taken by fashion design houses, their brilliant designers and the clothing industry, is of crucial importance in this whole question. Artistic sense, refinement and good taste meeting together can find suitable but dignified solutions as to the dress for women to wear when they must use a motorcycle or engage in this or that exercise or work. What matters is to preserve modesty, together with the eternal sense of femininity, that femininity which more than anything else all children will continue to associate with the face of mother. (Note 14) 

We do not deny that modern life sets problems and makes requirements unknown to our grandparents. But we state that there are values more needing to be protected than fleeting experiences, and that for anybody of intelligence there are always good sense and good taste enough to find acceptable and dignified solutions to problems as they come up. (Note 15) 

Out of charity, (i.e. love of God) we are fighting against the flattening out of mankind, against the attack upon those differences on which rests the complementarity of man and woman. 

When we see a woman in trousers, we should think not so much of her as of all mankind, of what it will be when women will have masculinized themselves for good. Nobody stands to gain by helping to bring about a future age of vagueness, ambiguity, imperfection and, in a word, monstrosities. 

This letter of Ours is not addressed to the public, but to those responsible for souls, for education, for Catholic associations. Let them do their duty, and let them not be sentries caught asleep at their post while evil crept in. 

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Translator�s Notes

1. At the end of the Cardinal�s Notification, he explains that it is not addressed by him directly to the public at large, but only indirectly, through the Catholic leaders here listed. However, that was in 1960, when the Church still had a framework of leaders. In 1977, those capable by their Faith of responding to the Cardinal�s instruction are scattered amongst the public at large, to whom therefore his instruction is fittingly diffused. (Back)
2. The Cardinal heads off many objections at the outset when he reminds us by what right he tackles such a subject at all: as a teacher of Faith and morals. Who can reasonably deny that clothing (especially, but not only women�s) involves morals and so the salvation of souls? (Back)
3. Jeans are now virtually universal. How many women�s jeans are not tight-fitting? (Back)
4. Trousers on women are worse than mini-skirts, said Bishop de Castro Mayer, because while mini-skirts attack the senses, women�s trousers attack man�s highest spiritual faculty, the mind. Cardinal Siri explains why, in depth. (Back)
5. When the women wish to be like men (somebody said the feminists are more scornful of womanhood than anybody), it is up to the men to make women proud of being women. (Back)
6. The enormous increase since 1960 in the practice and public flaunting of the vice against nature is surely to be attributed in part to this perversion of psychology. (Back)
7. When woman is feminine, she has the strength God gives to her. When she is de-feminised, she has only the strength she gives herself. (Back)
8. For an example of this damage, see the relationship between the sexes as portrayed in Rock music. (Back)
9. In 1997, can we say the Cardinal was exaggerating? (Back)
10. All great art and literature testifies to this moral structure of the universe which one violates at one�s peril, and which is as much part of the natural order as is its physical structure. The plays of Shakespeare are a famous example. The Cardinal is here at the heart of the question. (Back)
11. It has been said, God is ready to forgive always, man sometimes, but nature, never. (Back)
12. The Cardinal is not just indulging in rhetoric. For an example of "human wreckage", witness Pink Floyd�s misery. (Back)
13. How much wisdom and balance in all these apparently severe conclusions of the Cardinal! (Back)
14. In other words, the femininity of the mother, not of Eve. (Back)
15. In 1997 we see all around us the age of monstrosities which in 1960 Cardinal was doing his best to prevent. In the Cardinal�s own country, Italy, the birth rate has been the lowest in all of Europe! Italian youth is devastated. The Cardinal was not listened to then. Will he be listened to now? Pink Floyd has the problem. Cardinal Siri has the answer.  (Back)

Hair Care & Clothing Material

Added  by Fr. Lucian Pulvermacher, O.F.M.Cap. August 20, 1997.

We quote from the first letter of St. Paul to the Corinthians, chapter two: 

(12) �For as the woman is of the man, so also is the man by the woman; but all things of God.  
(13) You yourselves judge.  Doth it become a woman to pray unto God uncovered?  
(14) Doth not even nature itself each you that a man indeed, if he nourish his hair, it is a shame unto him? 
(15) But if a woman nourish her hair it is a glory to her; for her hair is given to her for a covering. 
(16) But if any man seem to be contentious, we have no such custom, nor the Church of God.�

Unless special circumstances demand otherwise the haircuts of men and women must be distinct.  The man who gets a woman�s hair cut and make up gives up his manly appearance.  The woman who gets a man�s hair cut gives up her feminine appearance.  What is true of clothing is equally true of hair fashions.  Unisex clothing and unisex haircuts have the same baneful effects as explained above by Cardinal Siri. 

We are dealing with an outward sign of an inward reality.  God made Adam first, and He took the body of Eve from the body of Adam.  God did not just make Adam out of the slime of the earth and then make Eve out of the slime of the earth; He made Adam so that he alone represents the whole human race.  Eve has no independent creation of her body, since it was taken from the body of Adam. 

By the ordinances of God, for all time, the woman has to be subject to man.  Catholics merely have to study the Mass formulary for weddings to understand what I have just written. 

Here is the EPISTLE of the Mass (Eph. 5, 22-33): 

�Brethren: Let wives be subject to their husbands as to the Lord; because a husband is head of the wife, just as Christ is head of the Church, being Himself Savior of the body.  But just as the Church is subject to Christ, so also let wives be to their husbands in all things.  Husbands, love your wives, just as Christ also loved the Church, and delivered Himself up for her, that He might sanctify her, cleansing her in the bath of water by means of the word; in order that He might present to Himself the Church in all her glory, not having spot or wrinkle or any such thing, but that she might be holy and without blemish.  Even thus ought husbands also to love their wives as their own bodies.  He who loves his own wife, loves himself.  For no one ever hated his own flesh; on the contrary he nourishes and cherishes it, as Christ also does the Church (because we are members of His body, made from His flesh and from His bones).  �For this cause a man shall leave his father and mother, and cleave to his wife; and the two shall become one flesh.�  This is a great mystery - I mean in reference to Christ and to the Church.  However, let each one of your also love his wife just as he loves himself; and let the wife respect her husband.�

Clothing

Once again, a society that violates natural law will be punished by natural law, and a society that obeys natural law will be rewarded by natural law.  The choice is ours!